Bio-based lacquers from industrially processed tomato pomace for sustainable metal food packaging

Bio-based lacquers prepared from an underutilized tomato processing residue such as pomace have been investigated sustainable alternatives to bisphenol A (BPA)-based coatings for metal food packaging. The fabrication methodology consisted of a two-step process: spray-coating paste the lipid fraction with mixture ethanol:H2O (3:1, v:v) on common substrates, used canning, aluminum (Al), chromium-coated tin-free steel (TFS), and electrochemically tin-plated (ETP), followed by self melt-polycondensation fraction. polymerization reaction was conducted at 200 °C different times (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min) monitored specular infrared spectroscopy, resulting in maximum degrees esterification ?92% Al ?85% TFS ETP substrates. anticorrosion performance studied electrochemical impedance spectroscopy immersion (time intervals 2–5 h during overall stability test up 170 h) aqueous solution 1 wt% NaCl. degree physical properties showed strong dependence substrate used. In general, best results were found pomace-based applied aluminum, achieving higher mechanical strength (critical load 1739 ± 198 mN Al, 1078 31 ETP, 852 206 TFS), hydrophobicity (water contact angle ?95° ?91° ?88° improved (coating resistance 0.7 M?cm2 after 70 TFS, negligible coating ETP). view technical innovation proposed present paper, estimation environmental sustainability process has considered relevant fit circular economy target. For this purpose, life cycle analysis (LCA) process, revealing multiple advantages both environment human health.